The spatial contiguity principle in mathematics textbooks

In this paper, we explore how diagram placement in mathematics textbooks influences (i) students' and teachers' perceptions of exposition quality (ii) reading behaviour as indexed by their eye movements. Our findings contribute to research on the spatial contiguity principle, which recommends that related educational pictures text should be displayed close together. our first study, used a comparative judgement technique ask three groups textbook users compare real-world expositions. Participants tended perceive expositions higher if diagrams were placed main rather than margins. second tracking whether students read differently when differently. attended less margins those text. The both studies suggest authors attend principle designing textbooks.